Nature Made vs Centrum men’s 50+: What science shows

Dr. Susan Carter, MD avatar
Dr. Susan Carter, MD: Endocrinologist & Longevity Expert
Published Dec 08, 2025 · Updated Mar 26, 2026 · 16 min read
Nature Made vs Centrum men’s 50+: What science shows
Photo by Annie Spratt on Unsplash

Listen to this article as a podcast episode

February 14, 2026 · 10:47

Nature Made Men’s Multivitamin 50+ and Centrum Men 50+ are broadly similar on core nutrients, and neither has evidence of superior clinical outcomes in generally healthy men. If you’re comparing Nature Made, Centrum, and One A Day men’s 50+ multivitamins, the best choice usually comes down to the exact product version and whether its vitamin D, B12, magnesium, vitamin K, and iron choices fit your labs, diet, and medications. For an up-to-date comparison, the most reliable move is still the simplest: use the Supplement Facts panel on the exact bottle sold today as your source of truth.

“Some men over 50 have nutrient shortfalls that show up on labs or as nonspecific symptoms like fatigue; joint pain has many causes and should be evaluated if persistent. A targeted multivitamin will not fix a poor diet, but it can help close common gaps and support bone, muscle, brain, and immune function if you pick the right formula.”

Susan Carter, MD

Key takeaways

  • Nature Made Men’s Multivitamin 50+ and Centrum Men 50+ are comparable “core coverage” options; choose based on your target doses for vitamin D and B12, magnesium amount/form, vitamin K, quality testing, and tolerability.
  • Most men’s 50+ formulas omit iron; only add iron if your clinician has identified iron deficiency or another clear indication.
  • A 2012 randomized controlled trial in JAMA (Physicians’ Health Study II) found a daily multivitamin modestly reduced total cancer in men, but it did not clearly reduce heart attacks or strokes.2
  • Low vitamin D, zinc, or magnesium status is associated with lower testosterone in some studies; in men who are deficient, repletion may modestly improve levels, but it is not a substitute for indicated medical treatment.5,9
  • If symptoms suggest low testosterone, Endocrine Society guidelines recommend confirming consistently low early-morning testosterone with two tests before considering treatment.8
  • Vitamin K can interfere with warfarin dosing, so keep intake consistent and coordinate changes with your prescriber. High doses of vitamins A and D (and sometimes E) can be harmful if you overdo them.

The relationship

Men over 50 face a triple hit: slower metabolism, declining hormone levels, and reduced nutrient absorption in the gut. Nutrient absorption means how well your intestines pull vitamins and minerals out of food and into the blood. Large surveys show that many older adults fall short on vitamin D, magnesium, and several B vitamins even when they think they eat “pretty well.”1

When you search online for a quick “which brand is better” answer, you are usually trying to solve this exact problem with the least hassle: one pill that covers common gaps without overdoing it, interacting with meds, or upsetting your stomach. According to a 2002 JAMA scientific review, the most defensible role for multivitamins in generally healthy adults is “gap filling,” not disease treatment or performance enhancement.1

Bottom line on brands: Based on the 2002 JAMA review and the 2012 Physicians’ Health Study II, the evidence does not suggest one mainstream multivitamin brand reliably beats another on major outcomes in generally healthy men.1,2 The practical difference is usually the Supplement Facts panel, meaning vitamin D and B12 dose, how much magnesium you actually get, whether iron is included, and whether the formula fits your medications and stomach.

Nature Made vs Centrum in real life: Even large clinical trials do not separate retail brands as “winners” for major outcomes in men, because trials test a specific formulation, not a brand name across all versions.2 In practice, the decision is mostly a label comparison, plus tolerability and confidence in quality testing.

If you are searching “centrum vs nature made,” you are probably also trying to avoid outdated comparisons. Brands update doses, pill counts, and even serving sizes over time. A current listing on a retailer site might not match an older bottle someone reviewed online, even when the front label looks almost identical.

For an up-to-date One A Day, Centrum, and Nature Made comparison, use these fast filters before you even look at nutrients:

  • Match the demographic. Compare Men 50+ to Men 50+. Do not compare a standard men’s formula to a 50+ product and expect a fair “winner.”
  • Match the form. Tablet to tablet is the cleanest comparison. Gummies often trade minerals for taste and chewability.
  • Match the serving size. Some products look “low dose” until you realize the serving is two tablets or two gummies.

For a current comparison of One A Day vs Centrum vs Nature Made, treat the label like a spec sheet. Brand names do not guarantee identical formulas over time or across forms like tablets versus gummies. The most useful comparison is the one that matches your likely gaps in vitamin D and B12, provides only modest minerals, and avoids ingredients that clash with your medications.1,2

If you are searching “centrum vs nature made” or “nature made vs centrum,” start with these tiebreakers:

  • Match the formula to the job. “Men 50+” tablets are typically closer to true gap filling than gummies, which often trade mineral content for taste.
  • Prioritize tolerability and consistency. The “best” multi on paper is not useful if it causes nausea or reflux and ends up in the drawer.
  • Keep iron out unless it is indicated. Most men over 50 do not need routine iron, and adding it without a reason can create avoidable downside.

The same logic applies to “men’s One A Day vs Centrum.” Compare the exact Men’s 50+ versions you can buy today, then decide based on vitamin D and B12 dose, magnesium amount, and whether the ingredient list fits your meds and stomach.1

Comparing products across years: Treat each bottle like a “model year,” since brands can sell multiple men’s products and update doses over time. Your best comparison is the exact Supplement Facts panel on the bottle you can buy today, then matching it to your labs, diet, and medication list, which is the “gap filling” approach described in JAMA’s scientific review.1

According to the 2012 JAMA Physicians’ Health Study II, even in a large, long-running trial of more than 14,000 men, the measurable clinical benefit of a daily multivitamin was modest.2 That is why the practical goal is not to find a miracle pill. It is to choose the formula that best matches your likely gaps and your medication list, whether you land on One A Day Men’s 50+, Centrum Men 50+, or Nature Made Men’s Multivitamin 50+.

That is why professional societies often describe multivitamins as a way to “fill the gaps,” not as magic bullets. A 2012 randomized controlled trial in JAMA (Physicians’ Health Study II) found that more than 14,000 older male physicians who took a daily multivitamin had a modest but significant reduction in total cancer compared with placebo, although there was no clear drop in heart attacks or strokes.2 A multivitamin can help correct or prevent specific nutrient shortfalls, but it has not been shown to meaningfully improve major outcomes in most generally healthy men.

As you age, the “best multivitamin for men” is one that is built for this new physiology. Most men over 50 should avoid routine iron unless a clinician diagnoses deficiency. Vitamin D and B12 insufficiency become more common with age, and adequate calcium (1,000 mg/day for most men 51 to 70; 1,200 mg/day at 71+) plus magnesium and zinc support bone and muscle health.1,3 That is the logic behind men’s 50+ formulas like Nature Made Men’s Multivitamin 50+ and Centrum Men 50+. When you search for the “best vitamins for men over 50” or the “best vitamin for men over 50,” you are really asking which of these targeted mixes best fits your body and your diet.

How it works

Micronutrients and the aging male engine

Micronutrients are vitamins and minerals your body needs in small amounts to run thousands of chemical reactions. In men over 50, lower stomach acid and changes in the gut can reduce absorption of vitamin B12 and may affect absorption of some minerals in certain people.1,4 At the same time, reduced sun exposure and aging skin sharply increase the risk of vitamin D deficiency.3

Vitamin D supports calcium absorption and immune function; vitamin B12 helps make red blood cells and maintain nerves; magnesium and zinc are involved in energy production, muscle contraction, and DNA repair. These nutrients sit at the center of why the best vitamins for men over 50 usually include generous, but not extreme, doses of vitamin D, B12, magnesium, and zinc.

Hormones, testosterone, and key vitamins

Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone that supports muscle mass, libido, mood, and red blood cell production. Levels naturally decline with age. Low vitamin D, zinc, or magnesium status is associated with lower testosterone in some studies, and in men who are deficient, repletion may modestly improve levels, including in a small randomized trial of vitamin D supplementation in deficient men.5,9

Zinc plays a structural role in testosterone production in the testes, and magnesium is involved in hormone signaling and muscle function. While a multivitamin will not replace testosterone therapy when it is truly needed, it can remove simple nutrient roadblocks. According to Endocrine Society clinical practice guidelines, clinicians generally diagnose hypogonadism only when symptoms align with unequivocally and consistently low early-morning total testosterone confirmed on two separate days, with free testosterone considered in specific situations (such as abnormal SHBG or borderline results).8

Bones, muscles, and staying on your feet

Bone density is the amount of mineral content in your bones; it falls steadily in men after midlife. Low vitamin D, low calcium, and low magnesium all push that curve down faster and raise fracture risk.3 According to a 2016 Osteoporosis International meta-analysis from the National Osteoporosis Foundation, older adults with low vitamin D who supplement with vitamin D and calcium reduce hip and non-vertebral fractures, particularly when baseline levels are low.6

Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength, is tightly linked to low physical activity, inadequate protein, and low micronutrient status. Men with higher dietary magnesium have better grip strength and walking speed, even after accounting for exercise. This is why many experts consider vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, and sometimes vitamin K core ingredients when picking the best multivitamin for men who want to stay strong and independent.

Brain, mood, and B-vitamins

Vitamin B12, folate, and vitamin B6 help control homocysteine, an amino acid that in high levels is linked to cognitive decline and vascular disease. Homocysteine is a breakdown product of protein metabolism that can irritate blood vessels when elevated. Older men often absorb B12 poorly because stomach acid and intrinsic factor, a protein needed for B12 uptake, both decline with age.4

Low B12 can show up as memory problems, numbness and tingling, or even mood changes. In longitudinal studies, older adults with better B-vitamin status have slower rates of brain atrophy and cognitive decline than those with low levels. This is why nearly every candidate for “best vitamin for men over 50” supplies well above the bare minimum Daily Value of B12 and often includes B6 and folate in active forms.

Formulations: Nature Made vs Centrum. What differs on the label

When men compare Nature Made Men’s Multivitamin 50+ vs Centrum Men 50+, they are really comparing two mainstream approaches to the same problem. Both are once-daily men’s 50+ formulas that cover the basics: vitamin D, a full B-vitamin suite, antioxidants like vitamins C and E, and core minerals such as zinc and selenium. Most versions keep iron low or absent, since iron needs drop after midlife for men who are not anemic.

Centrum vs Nature Made is often a “which version” question, not a “which brand” question. For example, some stores list “Centrum Men 50+” under the broader Centrum Silver line, while Nature Made’s comparable product may be labeled “Men’s Multivitamin 50+.” If you do not match the age category and form, your “centrum vs nature made” comparison can turn into apples versus oranges fast.

A quick reality check: the big differences you see online in “men’s One A Day vs Centrum” or “centrum vs nature made” reviews are often about different versions, such as gummies versus tablets, or older versus newer label updates. When you are doing a Nature Made vs Centrum comparison, make sure you are comparing the same form and the same target age group, then let the Supplement Facts panel decide the winner for your needs.2

Why the label matters more than the logo: retail brands often sell multiple “men’s” multis at the same time, including standard formulas, “50+” formulas, and gummies, and the exact doses can change across product versions and over time. According to the 2012 JAMA Physicians’ Health Study II, the best-known large trial evidence in men comes from a specific daily multivitamin formulation, which means you should not expect research to crown a single retail brand as the winner across all products and years.2

If you want a clean side-by-side comparison across the big three brands, focus on these five label variables:

  • Vitamin D dose per daily serving. Check both the amount and the number of pills or gummies needed to get it.
  • Vitamin B12 dose and form. Men on metformin or long-term acid suppression are at higher risk for low B12 over time, so this one matters.4
  • Magnesium amount. Many one-per-day multis include only a small amount because minerals are bulky.
  • Iron. In a typical men’s 50+ formula, iron is usually absent for good reason unless your clinician tells you otherwise.
  • Vitamin K. If you take warfarin, you want consistency from bottle to bottle.

Use this 2-minute label audit when choosing among men’s 50+ multis:

  • Confirm the exact product name. “One A Day Men’s” and “Centrum Men” come in multiple versions, including standard men’s formulas, “50+” formulas, and gummies. The doses can differ meaningfully by version and year.
  • Check vitamin D and B12 first. These are common shortfalls with aging and absorption changes, and they are frequent targets on lab follow-up in men over 50.3,4
  • Look for iron. Most men’s 50+ multivitamins omit iron, which is usually appropriate unless a clinician has identified iron deficiency or another clear indication.
  • Scan magnesium amount. Many one-per-day multis provide limited magnesium, so men trying to raise magnesium may still need to prioritize food first, then discuss a separate supplement if appropriate.
  • Check vitamin K if you take warfarin. Consistency matters more than the absolute dose when it comes to INR stability.
  • Compare tolerability and price per day. If one brand gives you nausea or reflux, it is not the best choice, even if the label looks “better.”

Another common question is how One A Day stacks up against Centrum. The short version is that neither brand wins on name alone: the best pick is the one that covers your likely gaps in vitamin D and B12 without pushing you into unnecessary megadoses, and that fits your meds and medical history.1,4 Pay special attention to vitamin B12 if you take metformin for type 2 diabetes or long-term acid-suppressing drugs such as proton pump inhibitors, since both are linked with lower B12 status over time.4

What most people need is a label decision, not a brand decision. One A Day Men’s 50+ and Centrum Men 50+ both come in multiple versions across years, and the doses can shift. That means your real comparison is One A Day Men’s 50+ vs Centrum Men 50+ as they are sold today at your pharmacy or online, using the back label as the source of truth.

If you feel stuck deciding between the big-name brands, use a quick label audit instead of guessing. First, check serving size and form, because some versions and gummies require multiple pieces per day, which changes the real daily dose. Second, compare the nutrients that most commonly matter after 50: vitamin D, vitamin B12, magnesium amount, zinc, and vitamin K if you are on warfarin. Third, sanity-check the ceiling by avoiding formulas that stack high-dose vitamin A or vitamin E on top of other supplements, since the upside is limited for disease prevention in most men and the risk of overdoing fat-soluble vitamins rises when you double up across products.1,7

Fourth, check the minerals you actually care about. Many men assume a multivitamin is also a meaningful magnesium supplement. In reality, minerals take up a lot of “pill space,” so some one-a-day tablets and most gummies provide limited magnesium and calcium. If you are trying to hit higher targets for magnesium, calcium, or both for bone and muscle support, you may need to cover that with food first and then add a separate supplement only if your clinician agrees. Fifth, make sure you are not double-dosing. If you already take a separate vitamin D or B12, a “stronger” multivitamin is not automatically better. It can simply push you closer to unnecessary high intake.

The key differences usually lie in the details. Centrum Men 50+ may include a broader set of vitamins, minerals, and added ingredients (such as color additives) depending on the specific version. Nature Made Men’s Multivitamin 50+ may use a more streamlined set of added ingredients in some versions; some Nature Made products also display third-party verification marks (for example, USP Verified), but certification varies by specific product, so check the exact bottle you are buying. One A Day Men’s 50+ typically lands in the same “core coverage” lane as Centrum, but doses can differ by version and year, so you still have to read the Supplement Facts panel. Formulas change over time, so the best multivitamin for men in your case is the one whose label lines up with your lab work, diet, pill-swallowing comfort, and price point.

Conditions linked to it

Nutrient gaps do not usually cause disease on their own, but over years they push you toward trouble. In men, low vitamin D, low calcium, and low magnesium are linked with osteoporosis, a condition where bones become less dense and more fragile, and with higher risk of hip and vertebral fractures.3 Osteoporosis is often missed in men until a fracture occurs.

Low B12 and folate can lead to megaloblastic anemia, a type of anemia where red blood cells are large and fragile, as well as peripheral neuropathy, which is nerve damage that causes numbness, tingling, or burning in the feet and hands.4 Subtle B-vitamin insufficiency has also been linked to faster cognitive decline in older adults. Magnesium and vitamin D insufficiency are associated with poorer muscle performance, greater frailty, and more falls in older men.

On the flip side, excessive supplementation can cause harm. Vitamin K can interfere with warfarin dosing, so keep intake consistent and coordinate changes with your prescriber. High-dose vitamin A or beta-carotene may increase lung cancer risk in smokers, and unnecessary iron can worsen iron overload in susceptible men. According to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), the evidence is insufficient to recommend multivitamins for preventing cardiovascular disease or cancer in otherwise healthy adults, and it recommends against beta-carotene or vitamin E supplements for that purpose.7 Overall, standard-dose multivitamin-mineral supplements are generally safe, but they do not clearly prevent heart disease or extend life on their own.2

Symptoms and signals

Many men have mild deficiencies with no obvious red flags. Still, certain patterns should prompt a closer look and a conversation about whether a men’s 50+ multivitamin makes sense for you:

  • New or worsening fatigue that is not explained by sleep or workload
  • Frequent colds, slow recovery from infections, or poor wound healing
  • Muscle weakness, difficulty getting out of a chair, or reduced grip strength
  • Bone pain, height loss, or fractures from minor falls
  • Numbness, tingling, or burning in feet or hands
  • Memory lapses, word-finding trouble, or a “foggy” feeling
  • Low mood, irritability, or reduced motivation without clear triggers
  • Loss of libido, erectile changes, or reduced morning erections, especially if combined with low energy

These signs do not prove you are missing vitamins, but they are strong reasons to check labs and rethink diet and supplementation. That is usually where the search for the best vitamins for men over 50 should start.

Some patterns can be more suggestive of specific problems: numbness and tingling can point toward B12-deficiency-related neuropathy; bone pain, fractures from minor falls, or height loss raise concern for vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis; and persistent fatigue can come from many causes (including anemia, sleep apnea, thyroid disease, depression, medication effects, or low testosterone) and is worth a broad evaluation. Seek urgent evaluation for sudden or rapidly worsening weakness, new trouble walking, confusion, severe shortness of breath or chest pain, black or bloody stools, or an unexplained fracture; otherwise, plan routine lab work and a medication/diet review with your clinician.

What to do about it

  1. Get baseline testing and a medication review. Ask your clinician for a midlife check-up that includes vitamin D, vitamin B12, a complete blood count, kidney and liver function, fasting glucose, and a lipid profile. If symptoms suggest low testosterone, such as low libido, fewer morning erections, or reduced strength, ask for two early-morning total testosterone tests (and sometimes free testosterone depending on SHBG and clinical context). Endocrine Society guidelines recommend confirming consistently low testosterone with repeat morning testing before treatment decisions are made.8 Evidence syntheses suggest symptom improvement from testosterone treatment is more likely when baseline morning testosterone is clearly and consistently below the lab’s reference range, but there is no single universal cutoff that applies to every assay or clinical situation. Ask your clinician to include LH and FSH in the workup to help distinguish primary testicular causes from pituitary or hypothalamic causes. LH is luteinizing hormone, the pituitary signal that tells your testes to produce testosterone. If preserving fertility is an important goal, discuss options with an endocrinologist or urologist before starting testosterone therapy, since testosterone treatment can reduce sperm production and alternatives may be considered. If you want a more comprehensive, men-focused evaluation, consider seeing a qualified clinician (primary care, endocrinology, or urology) for appropriate workup and shared decision-making. Your clinician will interpret results using your lab’s reference range and evaluate other contributors before deciding whether lifestyle changes, vitamins, or medical therapy makes the most sense. Bring a full list of prescriptions and supplements so your clinician can flag interactions, such as vitamin K with warfarin.
  2. Dial in diet and choose a smart men’s 50+ multivitamin. Base your nutrition on whole foods: lean protein, colorful vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and healthy fats. Then use a multivitamin to plug gaps, not replace meals. For most men over 50, the best multivitamin for men will:
    • Provide vitamin D3 in a dose that fits your baseline 25(OH)D level, diet, and sun exposure (many men use 600 to 2,000 IU/day); follow clinician guidance and avoid exceeding the UL (4,000 IU/day) unless supervised
    • Include at least the full Daily Value of vitamin B12 and B6
    • Contain meaningful amounts of magnesium and zinc, but little or no iron unless your clinician recommends it
    • Avoid megadoses of vitamins A and D (and sometimes E), especially if you also take separate supplements

    If you are choosing between Nature Made Men’s Multivitamin 50+ and Centrum Men 50+, compare the Supplement Facts panels side by side. If your question is how One A Day compares with Centrum, use the same approach: put One A Day Men’s 50+ next to Centrum Men 50+ and compare vitamin D, B12, magnesium, zinc, and vitamin K, plus any extras you care about such as lycopene. The same method applies when comparing products by year or version, because the label tells you what you are actually buying right now. Also check the serving size, because a “once daily” label can still mean more than one gummy or tablet depending on the product form. Finally, check for third-party testing seals and whether the pill size and coating fit your swallowing comfort.

    If you are comparing the big three brands online, treat any screenshot as suspect unless it matches your bottle. Pull up the Supplement Facts on the exact listing you are buying, then verify it against the bottle when it arrives. This one step prevents most “Centrum vs Nature Made” confusion.

    If your only question is which big-name brand to pick, here are practical tiebreakers. Pick the one that matches your needs on the label, then judge it by how you tolerate it and what your follow-up labs show. If you routinely get low vitamin D, lean toward the option with a higher vitamin D dose. If you are on metformin or acid-suppressing meds and your B12 runs low, prioritize higher B12. If you are on warfarin, keep vitamin K consistent and coordinate changes with your prescriber before switching brands or formulas.4

  3. Monitor, adjust, and avoid chasing megadoses. After 3 to 6 months on a multivitamin, repeat key labs such as vitamin D and B12 if they were low, and pay attention to how your energy, recovery, and strength change. Do not assume “more is better.” Very high doses of single nutrients can backfire, especially for men with kidney disease, a history of kidney stones, or those on blood thinners. The best vitamin for men over 50 is usually the one that quietly normalizes your labs without pushing anything far above the healthy range.

Myth vs fact

Multivitamin myths stick around because marketing is louder than nuance, and because it is tempting to believe one pill can replace sleep, training, and a solid diet. Use the facts below to separate “gap filling” from overpromising.

  • Myth: “If I take a multivitamin, I don’t have to worry about my diet.”
    Fact: Multivitamins are insurance, not a replacement for real food. Most of the proven health benefits come from whole foods.
  • Myth: “Megadoses of vitamins will boost my testosterone.”
    Fact: Correcting deficiencies in vitamin D, zinc, or magnesium may help optimize testosterone in men who are low, but going far above recommended doses does not reliably raise testosterone and can be harmful.9
  • Myth: “There’s a single best multivitamin brand for every guy.”
    Fact: Several mainstream options can be reasonable men’s 50+ choices, but the better option depends on your diet, labs, medications, and which nutrients you actually need more of.
  • Myth: “Multivitamins prevent heart disease and cancer.”
    Fact: Large trials show, at best, small reductions in cancer risk and no clear benefit for heart disease. They are helpful for filling gaps, not guaranteed disease shields.2
  • Myth: “If a little helps, a lot must help more.”
    Fact: Too much vitamin A, iron, or even vitamin D can cause real harm. Stick close to label directions unless your clinician gives specific guidance.

Apply these facts by using labs, diet, and medical history to decide what you actually need; clinicians often recommend targeted supplementation (for example, vitamin D or B12) when a deficiency is documented or when risk is high due to diet, medications, or absorption issues.

Bottom line

Nature Made Men’s Multivitamin 50+ and Centrum Men 50+ are both reasonable options, with no proven outcome superiority of one over the other. Choose based on the label doses (especially vitamin D and B12), tolerability, and whether the product meets your preferences for ingredient list and third-party testing.

If the two feel similar on paper, the best choice is the one you will take consistently and that fits your medication list.

References

  1. Fairfield KM, Fletcher RH. Vitamins for chronic disease prevention in adults: scientific review. JAMA. 2002;287:3116-26. PMID: 12069675
  2. Gaziano JM, Sesso HD, Christen WG, et al. Multivitamins in the prevention of cancer in men: the Physicians’ Health Study II randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2012;308:1871-80. PMID: 23162860
  3. Mithal A, Wahl DA, Bonjour JP, et al. Global vitamin D status and determinants of hypovitaminosis D. Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA. 2009;20:1807-20. PMID: 19543765
  4. Allen LH. Causes of vitamin B12 and folate deficiency. Food and nutrition bulletin. 2008;29:S20-34; discussion S35-7. PMID: 18709879
  5. Pilz S, Frisch S, Koertke H, et al. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on testosterone levels in men. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon-und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme. 2011;43:223-5. PMID: 21154195
  6. Weaver CM, Alexander DD, Boushey CJ, et al. Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and risk of fractures: an updated meta-analysis from the National Osteoporosis Foundation. Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA. 2016;27:367-76. PMID: 26510847
  7. US Preventive Services Task Force. Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA. 2022.
  8. Bhasin S, Brito JP, Cunningham GR, et al. Testosterone Therapy in Men With Hypogonadism: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018;103:1715-1744. PMID: 29562364
  9. Bouillon R, Marcocci C, Carmeliet G, et al. Skeletal and Extraskeletal Actions of Vitamin D: Current Evidence and Outstanding Questions. Endocr Rev. 2019;40:1109-1151. PMID: 31216073

Get your FREE testosterone guide

Any treatment is a big decision. Get the facts first. Our Testosterone 101 guide helps you decide if treatment is right for you.

Dr. Susan Carter, MD

Dr. Susan Carter, MD: Endocrinologist & Longevity Expert

Dr. Susan Carter is an endocrinologist and longevity expert specializing in hormone balance, metabolism, and the aging process. She links low testosterone with thyroid and cortisol patterns and turns lab data into clear next steps. Patients appreciate her straightforward approach, preventive mindset, and calm, data-driven care.

Keep reading

More guides on this topic, picked to match what you're reading now.

Special OfferLab panels included: $300/year free for all members