TRT side effects

Articles covering the potential side effects of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), from acne, hair loss, and mood changes to blood pressure, hematocrit, and fertility impacts. Learn how to recognize issues early, interpret labs, and adjust lifestyle or protocols to stay safe while optimizing performance and well-being.

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Does TRT raise blood pressure? What the science says

Does TRT raise blood pressure? What the science says

Dr. Alexander Grant, MD, PhD avatar
Dr. Alexander Grant, MD, PhD: Urologist & Men's Health Advocate
Dec 15, 2025 · 10 min read

In a 2023 New England Journal of Medicine trial of over 5,000 men, testosterone replacement therapy did not increase major cardiovascular events, although some individuals can develop modest systolic blood pressure increases from fluid shifts and higher blood viscosity. Here’s how dose, baseline metabolic health, and careful monitoring help “optimize” testosterone without pushing blood pressure ...

High estrogen on trt symptoms: What happens when your balance shifts

High estrogen on trt symptoms: What happens when your balance shifts

Dr. Alexander Grant, MD, PhD avatar
Dr. Alexander Grant, MD, PhD: Urologist & Men's Health Advocate
Dec 13, 2025 · 11 min read

On TRT, a portion of injected testosterone is converted by the aromatase enzyme into estradiol, and about 15–20% of men develop elevated estrogen levels that can cause symptoms like water retention, nipple/breast tenderness, mood changes, and sexual dysfunction. Here’s how to recognize the pattern, why it can mimic low‑T, and what to adjust so your ...

How to lower hematocrit on trt safely and effectively

How to lower hematocrit on trt safely and effectively

Dr. Alexander Grant, MD, PhD avatar
Dr. Alexander Grant, MD, PhD: Urologist & Men's Health Advocate
Dec 11, 2025 · 10 min read

The safest way to lower hematocrit on TRT is to reduce testosterone peaks—by lowering the dose and/or switching from infrequent injections to more frequent micro-dosing or a steadier transdermal method—because testosterone increases red blood cell production through kidney-driven erythropoietin (EPO) signaling. Since elevated hematocrit affects roughly 5% to 66% of men on therapy, the goal ...

Does testosterone cause hair loss? Separating hormonal fact from fiction

Does testosterone cause hair loss? Separating hormonal fact from fiction

Dr. Alexander Grant, MD, PhD avatar
Dr. Alexander Grant, MD, PhD: Urologist & Men's Health Advocate
Dec 04, 2025 · 10 min read

Testosterone itself isn’t the direct cause of male pattern hair loss; the issue arises when 5‑alpha reductase converts it into DHT, which miniaturizes genetically androgen‑sensitive scalp follicles even when total testosterone is normal. With androgenetic alopecia affecting roughly 30%–50% of men by age 50, the real question is whether your follicles are “wired” to overreact—and ...

TRT before and after: What the clinical data actually promises for your body

TRT before and after: What the clinical data actually promises for your body

Dr. Alexander Grant, MD, PhD avatar
Dr. Alexander Grant, MD, PhD: Urologist & Men's Health Advocate
Dec 04, 2025 · 13 min read

In men with symptoms and consistently low testosterone (total testosterone under ~350 ng/dL, or free testosterone under ~100 pg/mL), TRT that restores levels to the mid‑normal range (~400–700 ng/dL) can increase lean muscle, reduce fat mass, and improve sexual function, with modest improvements in mood and vitality. The viral “before and after” transformations are often ...

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